Gorée was captured by the United Netherlands in 1588, which gave it its present name (spelled Goeree, after Goeree-Overflakkee in the Netherlands). A new Lebou village, called Ndakaaru, was established directly across from Gorée in the 17th century to service the European trading factory with food and drinking water. The mainland of Cap-Vert, however, was under control of the Jolof Empire, as part of the western province of Cayor which seceded from Jolof in its own right in 1549. The Portuguese eventually founded a settlement on the island of Gorée (then known as the island of Bezeguiche or Palma), which by 1536 they began to use as a base for slave exportation. (It was famously during one of these stops, in 1501, where the Florentine navigator Amerigo Vespucci began to construct his " New World" hypothesis about America. The bay of "Bezeguiche" would go on to serve as a critical stop for the Portuguese India Armadas of the early 16th century, where large fleets would routinely stop, both on their outward and return journeys from India, to repair, collect fresh water from the rivulets and wells along the Cap-Vert shore and trade for provisions with the local people for their remaining voyage. Peaceful contact was finally opened in 1456 by Diogo Gomes, and the bay was subsequently referred to as the " Angra de Bezeguiche" (after the name of the local ruler). In 1444, the Portuguese reached the Bay of Dakar, initially as slave-raiders. The original villages-Ouakam, Ngor, Yoff and Hann-still constitute distinctively Lebou neighborhoods of the city today. The Cap-Vert peninsula was settled no later than the 15th century, by the Lebou community, an aquacultural subgroup of the Wolof ethnic group. In 1960, it became the capital of the independent Republic of Senegal. From 1959 to 1960, Dakar was the capital of the short-lived Mali Federation. In 1902, Dakar replaced Saint-Louis as the capital of French West Africa.
Following the abolition of the slave trade and French annexation of the mainland area in the 19th century, Dakar grew into a major regional port and a major city of the French colonial empire. The Portuguese established a presence on the island of Gorée off the coast of Cap-Vert and used it as a base for the Atlantic slave trade. The area around Dakar was settled in the 15th century. The city of Dakar proper has a population of 1,030,594, whereas the population of the Dakar metropolitan area is estimated at 3.94 million in 2021. Data here are for the administrative Dakar région, which matches almost exactly the limits of the metropolitan areaĭakar ( English: / d ɑː ˈ k ɑːr/ French: Wolof: Ndakaaru) is the capital and largest city of Senegal.
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